3D Plot in R, one of the quickest ways to create a 3D plot is to use the persp() function.

3D plot the data points on three axes to highlight the link between three factors.

Let’s see the syntax.

persp(x, y, z)

Approach 1: Basic 3D Plot in R

Let’s create a basic 3D plot,

#define x and y

x <- -20:20
y <- -20:20

we create a z value based on the function of x and y

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z_val <- function(x, y) {  sqrt(x ^ 2 + y ^ 2)}

#create z-values

z<-outer(x, y, z_val)

#create a 3D plot

persp(x, y, z)

Approach 2: Customisation

Let’s change the axis labels, title, color, and shade of the plot

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#create a 3D plot

persp(x, y, z, xlab='X Variable', ylab='Y Variable', zlab='Z Variable',
main='3D Plot', col=”orange”, shade=.4)

Approach 3: Rotate the 3D Plot

Sometimes need to rotate the 3D plot to make it better understanding, then make use of the theta and phi arguments:

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#create a 3D plot

persp(x, y, z, xlab='X Variable', ylab='Y Variable', zlab='Z Variable',
main='3D Plot', col='red', shade=.4, theta = 30, phi = 15)

Approach 4: Add Tick Marks to the 3D Plot

The following code shows how to use the tick type argument to add tick marks with labels to each axis:

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#create a 3D plot

persp(x, y, z, xlab='X Variable', ylab='Y Variable', zlab='Z Variable',
main='3D Plot', col='blue', shade=.4, theta = 30, phi = 15, ticktype='detailed')

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