This article is part of a R-Tips Weekly, a weekly video tutorial that shows you step-by-step how to do common R coding tasks.

Data frames (like Excel​ tables) are the main way for storing, organizing, and analyzing data in R​. Here are 4 ways using the tidyverse​: tibble, as_tibble(), read_excel(), and enframe()/deframe().

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Making Data Frames in R

Data frames are the most important data structure in R. They are just like Excel Tables. They keep your data organized.

We’re going to shed light on 4 SUPER POWERFUL ways to create data frames (from beginner to intermediate):

• tibble() – For making simple data frames from scratch
• read_excel() – For importing data from Excel worksheets as data frames.
• as_tibble() – For converting lists and matrix objects to data frames
• enframe() – A SUPER-POWER. Convert ANYTHING to a data frame ????

As you go along, you can use my Ultimate R Cheatsheet for getting R importing & data wrangling down. It consolidates the most important R packages I use every day into one cheatsheet.

Method 1: Using tibble()
Make simple data frames from scratch.

The tidyverse uses a structure called a “tibble”, which is simply a Data Frame (like an excel table) but with more informative printing than the default data frame.

We use the tibble() function to create a “tibble” from scratch. Here’s a simple tibble I created and compared to a basic R dataframe. The tibble printing is much more informative.

Method 2: Using read_excel()
Use read_excel() to read excel worksheets.

Data importing is how we get data into R. There are a ton of ways to import data (check out my Ultimate R Cheatsheet for getting R importing down).

If we are working in Excel, we can import the data as a tibble using the readxl package’s read_excel() function.

Method 3: Using as_tibble()
For converting from other data structures

The next function, as_tibble(), helps convert from list or matrix data structures to tibbles. Here we have a pretty complex (nested) list.

Using as_tibble(), we just made it an organized data frame that’s ready for analysis!

Method 4: Using enframe()
For converting ANYTHING to a data frame.

The last function, enframe(), is a MORE POWERFUL / FLEXIBLE version of as_tibble().

Why do we need enframe()?

When as_tibble() fails, enframe() is your Plan B.

You’re becoming a data ninja one R-tip at a time

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