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This post is a continuation of my earlier post Big Data-1: Move into the big league:Graduate from Python to Pyspark. While the earlier post discussed parallel constructs in Python and Pyspark, this post elaborates similar and key constructs in R and SparkR. While this post just focuses on the programming part of R and SparkR it is essential to understand and fully grasp the concept of Spark, RDD and how data is distributed across the clusters. This post like the earlier post shows how if you already have a good handle of R, you can easily graduate to Big Data with SparkR
Note 1: This notebook has also been published at Databricks community site Big Data-2: Move into the big league:Graduate from R to SparkR
Note 2: You can download this RMarkdown file from Github at Big Data- Python to Pyspark and R to SparkR
1a. Read CSV- R
Note: To upload the CSV to databricks see the video Upload Flat File to Databricks Table
# Read CSV file
tendulkar= read.csv("/dbfs/FileStore/tables/tendulkar.csv",stringsAsFactors = FALSE,na.strings=c(NA,"-"))
#Check the dimensions of the dataframe
dim(tendulkar)
[1] 347 12
1b. Read CSV – SparkR
# Load the SparkR library
library(SparkR)
# Initiate a SparkR session
sparkR.session()
tendulkar1 <- read.df("/FileStore/tables/tendulkar.csv",
header = "true",
delimiter = ",",
source = "csv",
inferSchema = "true",
na.strings = "")
# Check the dimensions of the dataframe
dim(tendulkar1)
[1] 347 12
2a. Data frame shape – R
# Get the shape of the dataframe in R dim(tendulkar)
[1] 347 12
2b. Dataframe shape – SparkR
The same ‘dim’ command works in SparkR too!
dim(tendulkar1)
[1] 347 12
3a . Dataframe columns – R
# Get the names names(tendulkar) # Also colnames(tendulkar)
[1] "Runs" "Mins" "BF" "X4s" "X6s" [6] "SR" "Pos" "Dismissal" "Inns" "Opposition" [11] "Ground" "Start.Date"
3b. Dataframe columns – SparkR
names(tendulkar1)
[1] "Runs" "Mins" "BF" "4s" "6s" [6] "SR" "Pos" "Dismissal" "Inns" "Opposition" [11] "Ground" "Start Date"
4a. Rename columns – R
names(tendulkar)=c('Runs','Minutes','BallsFaced','Fours','Sixes','StrikeRate','Position','Dismissal','Innings','Opposition','Ground','StartDate')
names(tendulkar)
[1] "Runs" "Minutes" "BallsFaced" "Fours" "Sixes" [6] "StrikeRate" "Position" "Dismissal" "Innings" "Opposition" [11] "Ground" "StartDate"
4b. Rename columns – R
names(tendulkar1)=c('Runs','Minutes','BallsFaced','Fours','Sixes','StrikeRate','Position','Dismissal','Innings','Opposition','Ground','StartDate')
names(tendulkar1)
[1] "Runs" "Minutes" "BallsFaced" "Fours" "Sixes" [6] "StrikeRate" "Position" "Dismissal" "Innings" "Opposition" [11] "Ground" "StartDate"
5a. Summary – R
summary(tendulkar)
Runs Minutes BallsFaced Fours
Length:347 Min. : 1.0 Min. : 0.00 Min. : 0.000
Class :character 1st Qu.: 33.0 1st Qu.: 22.00 1st Qu.: 1.000
Mode :character Median : 82.0 Median : 58.50 Median : 4.000
Mean :125.5 Mean : 89.75 Mean : 6.274
3rd Qu.:181.0 3rd Qu.:133.25 3rd Qu.: 9.000
Max. :613.0 Max. :436.00 Max. :35.000
NA's :18 NA's :19 NA's :19
Sixes StrikeRate Position Dismissal
Min. :0.0000 Min. : 0.00 Min. :2.00 Length:347
1st Qu.:0.0000 1st Qu.: 38.09 1st Qu.:4.00 Class :character
Median :0.0000 Median : 52.25 Median :4.00 Mode :character
Mean :0.2097 Mean : 51.79 Mean :4.24
3rd Qu.:0.0000 3rd Qu.: 65.09 3rd Qu.:4.00
Max. :4.0000 Max. :166.66 Max. :7.00
NA's :18 NA's :20 NA's :18
Innings Opposition Ground StartDate
Min. :1.000 Length:347 Length:347 Length:347
1st Qu.:1.000 Class :character Class :character Class :character
Median :2.000 Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
Mean :2.376
3rd Qu.:3.000
Max. :4.000
NA's :1
5b. Summary – SparkR
summary(tendulkar1)
SparkDataFrame[summary:string, Runs:string, Minutes:string, BallsFaced:string, Fours:string, Sixes:string, StrikeRate:string, Position:string, Dismissal:string, Innings:string, Opposition:string, Ground:string, StartDate:string]
6a. Displaying details of dataframe with str() – R
str(tendulkar)
'data.frame': 347 obs. of 12 variables: $ Runs : chr "15" "DNB" "59" "8" ... $ Minutes : int 28 NA 254 24 124 74 193 1 50 324 ... $ BallsFaced: int 24 NA 172 16 90 51 134 1 44 266 ... $ Fours : int 2 NA 4 1 5 5 6 0 3 5 ... $ Sixes : int 0 NA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ... $ StrikeRate: num 62.5 NA 34.3 50 45.5 ... $ Position : int 6 NA 6 6 7 6 6 6 6 6 ... $ Dismissal : chr "bowled" NA "lbw" "run out" ... $ Innings : int 2 4 1 3 1 1 3 2 3 1 ... $ Opposition: chr "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" ... $ Ground : chr "Karachi" "Karachi" "Faisalabad" "Faisalabad" ... $ StartDate : chr "15-Nov-89" "15-Nov-89" "23-Nov-89" "23-Nov-89" ...
6b. Displaying details of dataframe with str() – SparkR
str(tendulkar1)
'SparkDataFrame': 12 variables: $ Runs : chr "15" "DNB" "59" "8" "41" "35" $ Minutes : chr "28" "-" "254" "24" "124" "74" $ BallsFaced: chr "24" "-" "172" "16" "90" "51" $ Fours : chr "2" "-" "4" "1" "5" "5" $ Sixes : chr "0" "-" "0" "0" "0" "0" $ StrikeRate: chr "62.5" "-" "34.3" "50" "45.55" "68.62" $ Position : chr "6" "-" "6" "6" "7" "6" $ Dismissal : chr "bowled" "-" "lbw" "run out" "bowled" "lbw" $ Innings : chr "2" "4" "1" "3" "1" "1" $ Opposition: chr "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" "v Pakistan" $ Ground : chr "Karachi" "Karachi" "Faisalabad" "Faisalabad" "Lahore" "Sialkot" $ StartDate : chr "15-Nov-89" "15-Nov-89" "23-Nov-89" "23-Nov-89" "1-Dec-89" "9-Dec-89"
7a. Head & tail -R
print(head(tendulkar),3) print(tail(tendulkar),3)
Runs Minutes BallsFaced Fours Sixes StrikeRate Position Dismissal Innings
1 15 28 24 2 0 62.50 6 bowled 2
2 DNB NA NA NA NA NA NA 4
3 59 254 172 4 0 34.30 6 lbw 1
4 8 24 16 1 0 50.00 6 run out 3
5 41 124 90 5 0 45.55 7 bowled 1
6 35 74 51 5 0 68.62 6 lbw 1
Opposition Ground StartDate
1 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89
2 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89
3 v Pakistan Faisalabad 23-Nov-89
4 v Pakistan Faisalabad 23-Nov-89
5 v Pakistan Lahore 1-Dec-89
6 v Pakistan Sialkot 9-Dec-89
Runs Minutes BallsFaced Fours Sixes StrikeRate Position Dismissal Innings
342 37 125 81 5 0 45.67 4 caught 2
343 21 71 23 2 0 91.30 4 run out 4
344 32 99 53 5 0 60.37 4 lbw 2
345 1 8 5 0 0 20.00 4 lbw 4
346 10 41 24 2 0 41.66 4 lbw 2
347 74 150 118 12 0 62.71 4 caught 2
Opposition Ground StartDate
342 v Australia Mohali 14-Mar-13
343 v Australia Mohali 14-Mar-13
344 v Australia Delhi 22-Mar-13
345 v Australia Delhi 22-Mar-13
346 v West Indies Kolkata 6-Nov-13
347 v West Indies Mumbai 14-Nov-13
7b. Head – SparkR
head(tendulkar1,3)
Runs Minutes BallsFaced Fours Sixes StrikeRate Position Dismissal Innings 1 15 28 24 2 0 62.5 6 bowled 2 2 DNB - - - - - - - 4 3 59 254 172 4 0 34.3 6 lbw 1 Opposition Ground StartDate 1 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89 2 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89 3 v Pakistan Faisalabad 23-Nov-89
8a. Determining the column types with sapply -R
sapply(tendulkar,class)
Runs Minutes BallsFaced Fours Sixes StrikeRate "character" "integer" "integer" "integer" "integer" "numeric" Position Dismissal Innings Opposition Ground StartDate "integer" "character" "integer" "character" "character" "character"
8b. Determining the column types with printSchema – SparkR
printSchema(tendulkar1)
root |-- Runs: string (nullable = true) |-- Minutes: string (nullable = true) |-- BallsFaced: string (nullable = true) |-- Fours: string (nullable = true) |-- Sixes: string (nullable = true) |-- StrikeRate: string (nullable = true) |-- Position: string (nullable = true) |-- Dismissal: string (nullable = true) |-- Innings: string (nullable = true) |-- Opposition: string (nullable = true) |-- Ground: string (nullable = true) |-- StartDate: string (nullable = true)
9a. Selecting columns – R
library(dplyr) df=select(tendulkar,Runs,BallsFaced,Minutes) head(df,5)
Runs BallsFaced Minutes 1 15 24 28 2 DNB NA NA 3 59 172 254 4 8 16 24 5 41 90 124
9b. Selecting columns – SparkR
library(SparkR)
Sys.setenv(SPARK_HOME="/usr/hdp/2.6.0.3-8/spark")
.libPaths(c(file.path(Sys.getenv("SPARK_HOME"), "R", "lib"), .libPaths()))
# Initiate a SparkR session
sparkR.session()
tendulkar1 <- read.df("/FileStore/tables/tendulkar.csv",
header = "true",
delimiter = ",",
source = "csv",
inferSchema = "true",
na.strings = "")
df=SparkR::select(tendulkar1, "Runs", "BF","Mins")
head(SparkR::collect(df))
Runs BF Mins 1 15 24 28 2 DNB - - 3 59 172 254 4 8 16 24 5 41 90 124 6 35 51 74
10a. Filter rows by criteria – R
library(dplyr) df=tendulkar %>% filter(Runs > 50) head(df,5)
Runs Minutes BallsFaced Fours Sixes StrikeRate Position Dismissal Innings
1 DNB NA NA NA NA NA NA 4
2 59 254 172 4 0 34.30 6 lbw 1
3 8 24 16 1 0 50.00 6 run out 3
4 57 193 134 6 0 42.53 6 caught 3
5 88 324 266 5 0 33.08 6 caught 1
Opposition Ground StartDate
1 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89
2 v Pakistan Faisalabad 23-Nov-89
3 v Pakistan Faisalabad 23-Nov-89
4 v Pakistan Sialkot 9-Dec-89
5 v New Zealand Napier 9-Feb-90
10b. Filter rows by criteria – SparkR
df=SparkR::filter(tendulkar1, tendulkar1$Runs > 50) head(SparkR::collect(df))
Runs Mins BF 4s 6s SR Pos Dismissal Inns Opposition Ground 1 59 254 172 4 0 34.3 6 lbw 1 v Pakistan Faisalabad 2 57 193 134 6 0 42.53 6 caught 3 v Pakistan Sialkot 3 88 324 266 5 0 33.08 6 caught 1 v New Zealand Napier 4 68 216 136 8 0 50 6 caught 2 v England Manchester 5 114 228 161 16 0 70.8 4 caught 2 v Australia Perth 6 111 373 270 19 0 41.11 4 caught 2 v South Africa Johannesburg Start Date 1 23-Nov-89 2 9-Dec-89 3 9-Feb-90 4 9-Aug-90 5 1-Feb-92 6 26-Nov-92
11a. Unique values -R
unique(tendulkar$Runs)
[1] "15" "DNB" "59" "8" "41" "35" "57" "0" "24" "88" [11] "5" "10" "27" "68" "119*" "21" "11" "16" "7" "40" [21] "148*" "6" "17" "114" "111" "1" "73" "50" "9*" "165" [31] "78" "62" "TDNB" "28" "104*" "71" "142" "96" "43" "11*" [41] "34" "85" "179" "54" "4" "0*" "52*" "2" "122" "31" [51] "177" "74" "42" "18" "61" "36" "169" "9" "15*" "92" [61] "83" "143" "139" "23" "148" "13" "155*" "79" "47" "113" [71] "67" "136" "29" "53" "124*" "126*" "44*" "217" "116" "52" [81] "45" "97" "20" "39" "201*" "76" "65" "126" "36*" "69" [91] "155" "22*" "103" "26" "90" "176" "117" "86" "12" "193" [101] "16*" "51" "32" "55" "37" "44" "241*" "60*" "194*" "3" [111] "32*" "248*" "94" "22" "109" "19" "14" "28*" "63" "64" [121] "101" "122*" "91" "82" "56*" "154*" "153" "49" "10*" "103*" [131] "160" "100*" "105*" "100" "106" "84" "203" "98" "38" "214" [141] "53*" "111*" "146" "14*" "56" "80" "25" "81" "13*"
11b. Unique values – SparkR
head(SparkR::distinct(tendulkar1[,"Runs"]),5)
Runs 1 119* 2 7 3 51 4 169 5 32*
12a. Aggregate – Mean, min and max – R
library(dplyr)
library(magrittr)
a <- tendulkar$Runs != "DNB"
tendulkar <- tendulkar[a,]
dim(tendulkar)
# Remove rows with 'TDNB'
c <- tendulkar$Runs != "TDNB"
tendulkar <- tendulkar[c,]
# Remove rows with absent
d <- tendulkar$Runs != "absent"
tendulkar <- tendulkar[d,]
dim(tendulkar)
# Remove the "* indicating not out
tendulkar$Runs <- as.numeric(gsub("\\*","",tendulkar$Runs))
c <- complete.cases(tendulkar)
#Subset the rows which are complete
tendulkar <- tendulkar[c,]
print(dim(tendulkar))
df <-tendulkar %>% group_by(Ground) %>% summarise(meanRuns= mean(Runs), minRuns=min(Runs), maxRuns=max(Runs))
#names(tendulkar)
head(df)
[1] 327 12
# A tibble: 6 x 4
Ground meanRuns minRuns maxRuns
1 Adelaide 32.6 0. 153.
2 Ahmedabad 40.1 4. 217.
3 Auckland 5.00 5. 5.
4 Bangalore 57.9 4. 214.
5 Birmingham 46.8 1. 122.
6 Bloemein 85.0 15. 155.
12b. Aggregate- Mean, Min, Max – SparkR
sparkR.session()
tendulkar1 <- read.df("/FileStore/tables/tendulkar.csv",
header = "true",
delimiter = ",",
source = "csv",
inferSchema = "true",
na.strings = "")
print(dim(tendulkar1))
tendulkar1 <-SparkR::filter(tendulkar1,tendulkar1$Runs != "DNB")
print(dim(tendulkar1))
tendulkar1<-SparkR::filter(tendulkar1,tendulkar1$Runs != "TDNB")
print(dim(tendulkar1))
tendulkar1<-SparkR::filter(tendulkar1,tendulkar1$Runs != "absent")
print(dim(tendulkar1))
# Cast the string type Runs to double
withColumn(tendulkar1, "Runs", cast(tendulkar1$Runs, "double"))
head(SparkR::distinct(tendulkar1[,"Runs"]),20)
# Remove the "* indicating not out
tendulkar1$Runs=SparkR::regexp_replace(tendulkar1$Runs, "\\*", "")
head(SparkR::distinct(tendulkar1[,"Runs"]),20)
df=SparkR::summarize(SparkR::groupBy(tendulkar1, tendulkar1$Ground), mean = mean(tendulkar1$Runs), minRuns=min(tendulkar1$Runs),maxRuns=max(tendulkar1$Runs))
head(df,20)
[1] 347 12
[1] 330 12
[1] 329 12
[1] 329 12
Ground mean minRuns maxRuns
1 Bangalore 54.312500 0 96
2 Adelaide 32.600000 0 61
3 Colombo (PSS) 37.200000 14 71
4 Christchurch 12.000000 0 24
5 Auckland 5.000000 5 5
6 Chennai 60.625000 0 81
7 Centurion 73.500000 111 36
8 Brisbane 7.666667 0 7
9 Birmingham 46.750000 1 40
10 Ahmedabad 40.125000 100 8
11 Colombo (RPS) 143.000000 143 143
12 Chittagong 57.800000 101 36
13 Cape Town 69.857143 14 9
14 Bridgetown 26.000000 0 92
15 Bulawayo 55.000000 36 74
16 Delhi 39.947368 0 76
17 Chandigarh 11.000000 11 11
18 Bloemein 85.000000 15 155
19 Colombo (SSC) 77.555556 104 8
20 Cuttack 2.000000 2 2
13a Using SQL with SparkR
sparkR.session()
tendulkar1 <- read.df("/FileStore/tables/tendulkar.csv",
header = "true",
delimiter = ",",
source = "csv",
inferSchema = "true",
na.strings = "")
# Register this SparkDataFrame as a temporary view.
createOrReplaceTempView(tendulkar1, "tendulkar2")
# SQL statements can be run by using the sql method
df=SparkR::sql("SELECT * FROM tendulkar2 WHERE Ground='Karachi'")
head(df)
Runs Mins BF 4s 6s SR Pos Dismissal Inns Opposition Ground Start Date 1 15 28 24 2 0 62.5 6 bowled 2 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89 2 DNB - - - - - - - 4 v Pakistan Karachi 15-Nov-89 3 23 49 29 5 0 79.31 4 bowled 2 v Pakistan Karachi 29-Jan-06 4 26 74 47 5 0 55.31 4 bowled 4 v Pakistan Karachi 29-Jan-06
Conclusion
This post discusses some of the key constructs in R and SparkR and how one can transition from R to SparkR fairly easily. I will be adding more constructs later. Do check back!
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