Tufte style visualizations in R using Plotly
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This post is inspired by Lukasz Piwek’s awesome Tufte in R post. We’ll try to replicate Tufte’s visualization practices in R using Plotly. You can read more about Edward Tufte here.
One easy way to replicate the graphs showcased on Lukasz’s blog would be to simply use Want to share your content on R-bloggers? click here if you have a blog, or here if you don't.
ggplotly() on his ggplot2() code.
We’ll use plot_ly() instead.
Minimal Line Plot
library(plotly)
x <- 1967:1977
y <- c(0.5,1.8,4.6,5.3,5.3,5.7,5.4,5,5.5,6,5)
hovertxt <- paste("Year: ", x, "<br>", "Exp: ", y)
plot_ly(x = x, y = y, mode = "line + markers", name = "",
marker = list(color = "#737373", size = 8),
line = list(width = 1), showlegend = F, hoverinfo = "text", text = hovertxt) %>%
add_trace(x = c(1966.75, 1977.25), y = c(5, 5),
mode = "lines", line = list(dash = "5px", color = "#737373"),
showlegend = F, hoverinfo = "none") %>%
add_trace(x = c(1966.75, 1977.25), y = c(6, 6),
mode = "lines", line = list(dash = "5px", color = "#737373"),
showlegend = F, hoverinfo = "none") %>%
layout(xaxis = list(title = "", showgrid = F, tickmode = "array",
type = "linear", autorange = F, range = c(1966.75, 1977.25),
tickvals = x,
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10), ticks = "outside"),
yaxis = list(title = "", showgrid = F, tickmode = "array",
type = "linear",
tickvals = 1:6, ticktext = paste0("$", c(300, 320, 340, 360, 380, 400)),
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10), ticks = "outside"),
margin = list(r = 20),
annotations = list(
list(xref = "x", yref = "y", x = 1977.25, y = 5.5,
text = "5%", showarrow = F, ax = 0, ay = 0),
list(xref = "x", yref = "y", x = 1976, y = 1.5, align = "right",
text = "Per capita<br>budget expenditures<br>in constant dollars",
showarrow = F, ax = 0, ay = 0)
))
Range-frame (or quartile-frame) scatterplot
library(plotly)
x <- mtcars$wt
y <- mtcars$mpg
hovertxt <- paste("Weight:", x, "<br>", "Miles per gallon: ", y)
plot_ly(x = x, y = y, mode = "markers", marker = list(color = "#737373"),
hoverinfo = "text", text = hovertxt) %>%
layout(xaxis = list(title = "Car weight (lb/1000)", titlefont = list(family = "serif"),
showgrid = F, tickmode = "array",
tickvals = summary(x), ticktext = round(summary(x), 1),
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10), ticks = "outside"),
yaxis = list(title = "Miles per gallon of fuel", titlefont = list(family = "serif"),
showgrid = F, tickmode = "array",
tickvals = summary(y), ticktext = round(summary(y), 1),
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10), ticks = "outside"))
Dot-dash (Rug) plot
library(plotly)
library(dplyr)
x <- mtcars$wt
y <- mtcars$mpg
hovertxt <- paste("Weight:", x, "<br>", "Miles per gallon: ", y)
ds <- data.frame(x, y, labelsx = round(x, 0), labelsy = round(y,0))
ds <- ds %>% arrange(x)
ds$labelsx <- c(rep("", 7), 2,
rep("", 12), 3,
rep("", 7), 4,
rep("", 2), 5)
ds <- ds %>% arrange(y)
ds$labelsy <- c(rep("", 1), 10,
rep("", 5), 15,
rep("", 8), 20,
rep("", 8), 26,
rep("", 5), 34)
plot_ly(ds, x = x, y = y, mode = "markers", marker = list(color = "#737373"),
hoverinfo = "text", text = hovertxt) %>%
layout(xaxis = list(title = "Car weight (lb/1000)", titlefont = list(family = "serif"),
showgrid = F,tickmode = "array",
tickvals = x, ticktext = labelsx, ticklen = 10,
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10), ticks = "outside"),
yaxis = list(title = "Miles Per Gallon of Fuel", titlefont = list(family = "serif"),
showgrid = F,tickmode = "array",
tickvals = y, ticktext = labelsy, ticklen = 10,
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10), ticks = "outside"))
Minimal Boxplot
This one needs a little bit of work. Sincegeom_tufteboxplot() is not yet supported, using ggplotly() won’t work either.
library(plotly)
# Empty plot
p <- plot_ly()
vec <- sort(unique(quakes$mag))
# Each mean (dot) and quartile (line - segment) will have to be added as a separate trace
for(i in vec){
summ <- boxplot.stats(subset(quakes, mag == i)$stations)$stats
hovertxt <- paste("Mean:", summ[3], "<br>",
"IQR:", IQR(subset(quakes, mag == i)$stations))
p <- add_trace(p, x = i, y = summ[3], mode = "markers", hoverinfo = "text", text = hovertxt,
marker = list(color = "#737373", size = 6), evaluate = T, showlegend = F)
p <- add_trace(p, x = c(i, i), y = c(summ[1], summ[2]), mode = "lines", hoverinfo = "none",
marker = list(color = "#737373"),
line = list(width = 1), evaluate = T, showlegend = F)
p <- add_trace(p, x = c(i, i), y = c(summ[4], summ[5]), mode = "lines", hoverinfo = "none",
marker = list(color = "#737373"),
line = list(width = 1), evaluate = T, showlegend = F)
}
# Layout options
p <- layout(p,
xaxis = list(showgrid = F, nticks = length(vec)),
yaxis = list(showgrid = F),
annotations = list(
list(xanchor = "left", x = 4, y = 120,
text = "Number of stations<br>reporting Richter Magnitude<br>of Fiji earthquakes (n=1000)",
align = "left",
showarrow = F, ax = 0, ay = 0)))
p
Minimal Barchart
library(psych)
library(reshape2)
ds <- melt(colMeans(msq[,c(2,7,34,36,42,43,46,55,68)],na.rm = T)*10)
ds$trait <- rownames(ds)
hovertxt <- paste(ds$trait, ":", round(ds$value,3))
plot_ly(ds, x = 1:nrow(ds), y = value, type = "bar", marker = list(color = "#737373"),
hoverinfo = "text", showlegend = F, text = hovertxt) %>%
add_trace(x = c(0.4, 9.6, NA, 0.4, 9.6, NA, 0.4, 9.6, NA, 0.4, 9.6, NA, 0.4, 9.6),
y = c(1, 1, NA, 2, 2, NA, 3, 3, NA, 4, 4, 5, 5), mode = "lines",
marker = list(color = "white"), showlegend = F) %>%
layout(xaxis = list(title = "", tickmode = "array", tickvals = 1:nrow(ds), ticktext = trait,
tickfont = list(family = "serif", size = 10)),
yaxis = list(title = "", showgrid = F),
annotations = list(
list(x = 1, xanchor = "left", y = 6, showarrow = F, ax = 0, ay = 0, align = "left",
text = "Average scores<br>on negative emotion traits<br>from 3896 participants<br>(Watson et al., 1988)")))
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