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Introducing cricket package yorkr:Part 4-In the block hole!

Tinniam V Ganesh

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Introduction

“The nitrogen in our DNA, the calcium in our teeth, the iron in our blood, the carbon in our apple pies were made in the interiors of collapsing stars. We are made of starstuff.”

“If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe.”

“We are like butterflies who flutter for a day and think it is forever.”

“The absence of evidence is not the evidence of absence.”

“We are star stuff which has taken its destiny into its own hands.”

                              Cosmos - Carl Sagan

This post is the 4th and possibly, the last part of my introduction, to my latest cricket package yorkr. This is the 4th part of the introduction, the 3 earlier ones were

  1. Introducing cricket package yorkr-Part1:Beaten by sheer pace!.
  2. Introducing cricket package yorkr: Part 2-Trapped leg before wicket!
  3. Introducing cricket package yorkr: Part 3-Foxed by flight!

The 1st part included functions dealing with a specific match, the 2nd part dealt with functions between 2 opposing teams. The 3rd part dealt with functions between a team and all matches with all oppositions. This 4th part includes individual batting and bowling performances in ODI matches and deals with Class 4 functions.

This post has also been published at RPubs yorkr-Part4 and can also be downloaded as a PDF document from yorkr-Part4.pdf.

You can clone/fork the code for the package yorkr from Github at yorkr-package

The list of Class 4 functions are shown below. I have added 4 more functions which are not currently available in yorkr0.0.2. I will be adding these functions mentioned below to the package in yorkr0.0.3

Batsman functions

  1. batsmanRunsVsDeliveries
  2. batsmanFoursSixes
  3. batsmanDismissals
  4. batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate
  5. batsmanMovingAverage
  6. batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns (yorkr_0.0.3)
  7. batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate (yorkr_0.0.3)
  8. batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition
  9. batsmanRunsVenue
  10. batsmanRunsPredict

Bowler functions

  1. bowlerMeanEconomyRate
  2. bowlerMeanRunsConceded
  3. bowlerMovingAverage
  4. bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets (yorkr_0.0.3)
  5. bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate (yorkr_0.0.3)
  6. bowlerWicketPlot
  7. bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition
  8. bowlerWicketsVenue
  9. bowlerWktsPredict

Note: The yorkr package in its current avatar only supports ODI matches. I will be upgrading the package to handle Twenty20, IPL in the months to come.

library(yorkr)
library(gridExtra)
library(rpart.plot)
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
rm(list=ls())

A. Batsman functions

1. Get Team Batting details

The function below gets the overall team batting details based on the RData file available in ODI matches. This is currently also available in Github at (https://github.com/tvganesh/yorkrData/tree/master/ODI/ODI-matches). The batting details of the team in each match is created and a huge data frame is created by rbinding the individual dataframes. This can be saved as a RData file

setwd("C:/software/cricket-package/york-test/yorkrData/ODI/ODI-matches")
india_details <- getTeamBattingDetails("India",dir=".", save=TRUE)
dim(india_details)
## [1] 11085    15
sa_details <- getTeamBattingDetails("South Africa",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(sa_details)
## [1] 6375   15
nz_details <- getTeamBattingDetails("New Zealand",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(nz_details)
## [1] 6262   15
eng_details <- getTeamBattingDetails("England",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(eng_details)
## [1] 9001   15

2. Get batsman details

This function is used to get the individual batting record for a the specified batsmen of the country as in the functions below. For analyzing the batting performances the following cricketers have been chosen

  1. Virat Kohli (Ind)
  2. M S Dhoni (Ind)
  3. AB De Villiers (SA)
  4. Q De Kock (SA)
  5. J Root (Eng)
  6. M J Guptill (NZ)
setwd("C:/software/cricket-package/york-test/yorkrData/ODI/ODI-matches")
kohli <- getBatsmanDetails(team="India",name="Kohli",dir=".")
## [1] "./India-BattingDetails.RData"
dhoni <- getBatsmanDetails(team="India",name="Dhoni")
## [1] "./India-BattingDetails.RData"
devilliers <-  getBatsmanDetails(team="South Africa",name="Villiers",dir=".")
## [1] "./South Africa-BattingDetails.RData"
deKock <-  getBatsmanDetails(team="South Africa",name="Kock",dir=".")
## [1] "./South Africa-BattingDetails.RData"
root <-  getBatsmanDetails(team="England",name="Root",dir=".")
## [1] "./England-BattingDetails.RData"
guptill <-  getBatsmanDetails(team="New Zealand",name="Guptill",dir=".")
## [1] "./New Zealand-BattingDetails.RData"

3. Runs versus deliveries

Kohli, De Villiers and Guptill have a good cluster of points that head towards 150 runs at 150 deliveries.

p1 <-batsmanRunsVsDeliveries(kohli,"Kohli")
p2 <- batsmanRunsVsDeliveries(dhoni, "Dhoni")
p3 <- batsmanRunsVsDeliveries(devilliers,"De Villiers")
p4 <- batsmanRunsVsDeliveries(deKock,"Q de Kock")
p5 <- batsmanRunsVsDeliveries(root,"JE Root")
p6 <- batsmanRunsVsDeliveries(guptill,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

4. Batsman Total runs, Fours and Sixes

The plots below show the total runs, fours and sixes by the batsmen

kohli46 <- select(kohli,batsman,ballsPlayed,fours,sixes,runs)
p1 <- batsmanFoursSixes(kohli46,"Kohli")
dhoni46 <- select(dhoni,batsman,ballsPlayed,fours,sixes,runs)
p2 <- batsmanFoursSixes(dhoni46,"Dhoni")
devilliers46 <- select(devilliers,batsman,ballsPlayed,fours,sixes,runs)
p3 <- batsmanFoursSixes(devilliers46, "De Villiers")
deKock46 <- select(deKock,batsman,ballsPlayed,fours,sixes,runs)
p4 <- batsmanFoursSixes(deKock46,"Q de Kock")
root46 <- select(root,batsman,ballsPlayed,fours,sixes,runs)
p5 <- batsmanFoursSixes(root46,"JE Root")
guptill46 <- select(guptill,batsman,ballsPlayed,fours,sixes,runs)
p6 <- batsmanFoursSixes(guptill46,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

5. Batsman dismissals

The type of dismissal for each batsman is shown below

p1 <-batsmanDismissals(kohli,"Kohli")
p2 <- batsmanDismissals(dhoni, "Dhoni")
p3 <- batsmanDismissals(devilliers, "De Villiers")
p4 <- batsmanDismissals(deKock,"Q de Kock")
p5 <- batsmanDismissals(root,"JE Root")
p6 <- batsmanDismissals(guptill,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

6. Runs versus Strike Rate

De villiers has the best strike rate among all as there are more points to the right side of the plot for the same runs. Kohli and Dhoni do well too. Q De Kock and Joe Root also have a very good spread of points though they have fewer innings.

p1 <-batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate(kohli,"Kohli")
p2 <- batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate(dhoni, "Dhoni")
p3 <- batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate(devilliers, "De Villiers")
p4 <- batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate(deKock,"Q de Kock")
p5 <- batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate(root,"JE Root")
p6 <- batsmanRunsVsStrikeRate(guptill,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

7. Batsman moving average

Kohli’s average is on a gentle increase from below 50 to around 60’s. Joe Root performance is impressive with his moving average of late tending towards the 70’s. Q De Kock seemed to have a slump around 2015 but his performance is on the increase. Devilliers consistently averages around 50. Dhoni also has been having a stable run in the last several years.

p1 <-batsmanMovingAverage(kohli,"Kohli")
p2 <- batsmanMovingAverage(dhoni, "Dhoni")
p3 <- batsmanMovingAverage(devilliers, "De Villiers")
p4 <- batsmanMovingAverage(deKock,"Q de Kock")
p5 <- batsmanMovingAverage(root,"JE Root")
p6 <- batsmanMovingAverage(guptill,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

8. Batsman cumulative average (yorkr_0.0.3)

The functions below provide the cumulative average of runs scored. As can be seen Kohli and Devilliers have a cumulative runs rate that averages around 48-50. Q De Kock seems to have had a rocky career with several highs and lows as the cumulative average oscillates between 45-40. Root steadily improves to a cumulative average of around 42-43 from his 50th innings

p1 <-batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns(kohli,"Kohli")
p2 <- batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns(dhoni, "Dhoni")
p3 <- batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns(devilliers, "De Villiers")
p4 <- batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns(deKock,"Q de Kock")
p5 <- batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns(root,"JE Root")
p6 <- batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns(guptill,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

9. Cumulative Average Strike Rate(yorkr_0.0.3)

The plots below show the cumulative average strike rate of the batsmen. Dhoni and Devilliers have the best cumulative average strike rate of 90%. The rest average around 80% strike rate. Guptill shows a slump towards the latter part of his career.

p1 <-batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(kohli,"Kohli")
p2 <- batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(dhoni, "Dhoni")
p3 <- batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(devilliers, "De Villiers")
p4 <- batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(deKock,"Q de Kock")
p5 <- batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(root,"JE Root")
p6 <- batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(guptill,"MJ Guptill")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

10. Batsman runs against opposition

Kohli’s best performances are against Australia, West Indies and Sri Lanka

batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition(kohli,"Kohli")

batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition(dhoni, "Dhoni")

Kohli’s best performances are against Australia, Pakistan and West Indies

batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition(devilliers, "De Villiers")

Quentin de Kock average almost 100 runs against India and 75 runs against England

batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition(deKock, "Q de Kock")

Root’s best performances are against South Africa, Sri Lanka and West Indies

batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition(root, "JE Root")

batsmanRunsAgainstOpposition(guptill, "MJ Guptill")

11. Runs at different venues

The plots below give the performances of the batsmen at different grounds.

batsmanRunsVenue(kohli,"Kohli")

batsmanRunsVenue(dhoni, "Dhoni")

batsmanRunsVenue(devilliers, "De Villiers")

batsmanRunsVenue(deKock, "Q de Kock")

batsmanRunsVenue(root, "JE Root")

batsmanRunsVenue(guptill, "MJ Guptill")

12. Predict number of runs to deliveries

The plots below use rpart classification tree to predict the number of deliveries required to score the runs in the leaf node. For e.g. Kohli takes 66 deliveries to score 64 runs and for higher number of deliveries scores around 115 runs. Devilliers needs <94 deliveries to score 84 runs and for greater deliveries scores around 109runs

par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsPredict(kohli,"Kohli")
batsmanRunsPredict(dhoni, "Dhoni")
batsmanRunsPredict(devilliers, "De Villiers")

par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsPredict(deKock,"Q de Kock")
batsmanRunsPredict(root,"JE Root")
batsmanRunsPredict(guptill,"MJ Guptill")

B. Bowler functions

13. Get bowling details

The function below gets the overall team bowling details based on the RData file available in ODI matches. This is currently also available in Github at (https://github.com/tvganesh/yorkrData/tree/master/ODI/ODI-matches). The bowling details of the team in each match is created and a huge data frame is created by rbinding the individual dataframes. This can be saved as a RData file

setwd("C:/software/cricket-package/york-test/yorkrData/ODI/ODI-matches")
ind_bowling <- getTeamBowlingDetails("India",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(ind_bowling)
## [1] 7816   12
aus_bowling <- getTeamBowlingDetails("Australia",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(aus_bowling)
## [1] 9191   12
ban_bowling <- getTeamBowlingDetails("Bangladesh",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(ban_bowling)
## [1] 5665   12
sa_bowling <- getTeamBowlingDetails("South Africa",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(sa_bowling)
## [1] 3806   12
sl_bowling <- getTeamBowlingDetails("Sri Lanka",dir=".",save=TRUE)
dim(sl_bowling)
## [1] 3964   12

14. Get bowling details of the individual bowlers

This function is used to get the individual bowling record for a specified bowler of the country as in the functions below. For analyzing the bowling performances the following cricketers have been chosen

  1. R A Jadeja (Ind)
  2. Ravichander Ashwin (Ind)
  3. Mitchell Starc (Aus)
  4. Shakib Al Hasan (Ban)
  5. Ajantha Mendis (SL)
  6. Dale Steyn (SA)
jadeja <- getBowlerWicketDetails(team="India",name="Jadeja",dir=".")
ashwin <- getBowlerWicketDetails(team="India",name="Ashwin",dir=".")
starc <-  getBowlerWicketDetails(team="Australia",name="Starc",dir=".")
shakib <-  getBowlerWicketDetails(team="Bangladesh",name="Shakib",dir=".")
mendis <-  getBowlerWicketDetails(team="Sri Lanka",name="Mendis",dir=".")
steyn <-  getBowlerWicketDetails(team="South Africa",name="Steyn",dir=".")

15. Bowler Mean Economy Rate

Shakib Al Hassan is expensive in the 1st 3 overs after which he is very economical with a economy rate of 3-4. Starc, Steyn average around a ER of 4.0

p1<-bowlerMeanEconomyRate(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")
p2<-bowlerMeanEconomyRate(ashwin, "R Ashwin")
p3<-bowlerMeanEconomyRate(starc, "MA Starc")
p4<-bowlerMeanEconomyRate(shakib, "Shakib Al Hasan")
p5<-bowlerMeanEconomyRate(mendis, "A Mendis")
p6<-bowlerMeanEconomyRate(steyn, "D Steyn")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

16. Bowler Mean Runs conceded

Ashwin is expensive around 6 & 7 overs

p1<-bowlerMeanRunsConceded(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")
p2<-bowlerMeanRunsConceded(ashwin, "R Ashwin")
p3<-bowlerMeanRunsConceded(starc, "M A Starc")
p4<-bowlerMeanRunsConceded(shakib, "Shakib Al Hasan")
p5<-bowlerMeanRunsConceded(mendis, "A Mendis")
p6<-bowlerMeanRunsConceded(steyn, "D Steyn")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

17. Bowler Moving average

RA jadeja and Mendis’ performance has dipped considerably, while Ashwin and Shakib have improving performances. Starc average around 4 wickets

p1<-bowlerMovingAverage(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")
p2<-bowlerMovingAverage(ashwin, "Ashwin")
p3<-bowlerMovingAverage(starc, "M A Starc")
p4<-bowlerMovingAverage(shakib, "Shakib Al Hasan")
p5<-bowlerMovingAverage(mendis, "Ajantha Mendis")
p6<-bowlerMovingAverage(steyn, "Dale Steyn")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

17. Bowler cumulative average wickets (yorkr_0.0.3)

Starc is clearly the most consistent performer with 3 wickets on an average over his career, while Jadeja averages around 2.0. Ashwin seems to have dropped from 2.4-2.0 wickets, while Mendis drops from high 3.5 to 2.2 wickets. The fractional wickets only show a tendency to take another wicket.

p1<-bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")
p2<-bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(ashwin, "Ashwin")
p3<-bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(starc, "M A Starc")
p4<-bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(shakib, "Shakib Al Hasan")
p5<-bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(mendis, "Ajantha Mendis")
p6<-bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(steyn, "Dale Steyn")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

18. Bowler cumulative Economy Rate (ER) (yorkr_0.0.3)

The plots below are interesting. All of the bowlers seem to average around 4.5 runs/over. RA Jadeja’s ER improves and heads to 4.5, Mendis is seen to getting more expensive as his career progresses. From a ER of 3.0 he increases towards 4.5

p1<-bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")
p2<-bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(ashwin, "Ashwin")
p3<-bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(starc, "M A Starc")
p4<-bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(shakib, "Shakib Al Hasan")
p5<-bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(mendis, "Ajantha Mendis")
p6<-bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(steyn, "Dale Steyn")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

19. Bowler wicket plot

The plot below gives the average wickets versus number of overs

p1<-bowlerWicketPlot(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")
p2<-bowlerWicketPlot(ashwin, "Ashwin")
p3<-bowlerWicketPlot(starc, "M A Starc")
p4<-bowlerWicketPlot(shakib, "Shakib Al Hasan")
p5<-bowlerWicketPlot(mendis, "Ajantha Mendis")
p6<-bowlerWicketPlot(steyn, "Dale Steyn")
grid.arrange(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6, ncol=3)

20. Bowler wicket against opposition

#Jadeja's' best pertformance are against England, Pakistan and West Indies
bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")

#Ashwin's bets pertformance are against England, Pakistan and South Africa
bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition(ashwin, "Ashwin")

#Starc has good performances against India, New Zealand, Pakistan, West Indies
bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition(starc, "M A Starc")

bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition(shakib,"Shakib Al Hasan")

bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition(mendis, "Ajantha Mendis")

#Steyn has good performances against India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, West Indies
bowlerWicketsAgainstOpposition(steyn, "Dale Steyn")

21. Bowler wicket at cricket grounds

bowlerWicketsVenue(jadeja,"RA Jadeja")

bowlerWicketsVenue(ashwin, "Ashwin")

bowlerWicketsVenue(starc, "M A Starc")
## Warning: Removed 2 rows containing missing values (geom_bar).

bowlerWicketsVenue(shakib,"Shakib Al Hasan")

bowlerWicketsVenue(mendis, "Ajantha Mendis")

bowlerWicketsVenue(steyn, "Dale Steyn")

22. Get Delivery wickets for bowlers

Thsi function creates a dataframe of deliveries and the wickets taken

setwd("C:/software/cricket-package/york-test/yorkrData/ODI/ODI-matches")
jadeja1 <- getDeliveryWickets(team="India",dir=".",name="Jadeja",save=FALSE)
ashwin1 <- getDeliveryWickets(team="India",dir=".",name="Ashwin",save=FALSE)
starc1 <- getDeliveryWickets(team="Australia",dir=".",name="MA Starc",save=FALSE)
shakib1 <- getDeliveryWickets(team="Bangladesh",dir=".",name="Shakib",save=FALSE)
mendis1 <- getDeliveryWickets(team="Sri Lanka",dir=".",name="Mendis",save=FALSE)
steyn1 <- getDeliveryWickets(team="South Africa",dir=".",name="Steyn",save=FALSE)

23. Predict number of deliveries to wickets

#Jadeja and Ashwin need around 22 to 28 deliveries to make a break through
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerWktsPredict(jadeja1,"RA Jadeja")
bowlerWktsPredict(ashwin1,"RAshwin")

#Starc and Shakib provide an early breakthrough producing a wicket in around 16 balls. Starc's 2nd wicket comed around the 30th delivery
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerWktsPredict(starc1,"MA Starc")
bowlerWktsPredict(shakib1,"Shakib Al Hasan")

#Steyn and Mendis take 20 deliveries to get their 1st wicket
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerWktsPredict(mendis1,"A Mendis")
bowlerWktsPredict(steyn1,"DSteyn")

Conclusion

This concludes the 4 part introduction to my new R cricket package yorkr for ODIs. I will be enhancing the package to handle Twenty20 and IPL matches soon. You can fork/clone the code from Github at yorkr.

The yaml data from Cricsheet have already beeen converted into R consumable dataframes. The converted data can be downloaded from Github at yorkrData. There are 3 folders – ODI matches, ODI matches between 2 teams (oppnAllMatches), ODI matches between a team and the rest of the world (all matches,all oppositions).

As I have already mentioned I have around 67 functions for analysis, however I am certain that the data has a lot more secrets waiting to be tapped. So please do go ahead and run any machine learning or statistical learning algorithms on them. If you do come up with interesting insights, I would appreciate if attribute the source to Cricsheet(http://cricsheet.org), and my package yorkr and my blog Giga thoughts*, besides dropping me a note.

Hope you have a great time with my yorkr package!

Also see

  1. Introducing cricketr! : An R package to analyze performances of cricketers
  2. Cricket analytics with cricketr in paperback and Kindle versions
  3. My TEDx talk on the “Internet of Things”
  4. Bend it like Bluemix,MongoDB with autoscaling – Part 1
  5. The mind of a programmer
  6. Fun simulation of a chain in Android
  7. Taking cricketr for a spin-Part 1
  8. Latency,throughput implications for the cloud
  9. Hand detection through haar-training: A hands-on approach
  10. Cricket analytics with cricketr

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