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Here’s a short example of using the futile.paradigm for calculating the DV01 of a bond. The basic idea is to layout the type definitions and then create the functions to do the calculations.
require(futile.paradigm) create.Bond <- function(T, par, coupon, yield, periods, freq) { list(par=par, coupon=coupon, yield=yield, periods=periods, freq=freq) } # Inherit from the Bond type create.SemiBond <- function(T, par, coupon, yield, periods, freq=2) create(Bond, par, coupon, yield, periods, freq) price.bond %when% (bond %isa% Bond) price.bond <- function(bond) price(bond, bond$yield) price.bondy %when% (bond %isa% Bond) price.bondy <- function(bond, r) { r <- r / bond$freq n <- bond$periods coupon(bond) * (1 - (1+r)^-n) / r + bond$par * (1+r)^-n } dv01.bond %when% (bond %isa% Bond) dv01.bond <- function(bond) { y1 <- bond$yield - 0.0001 y2 <- bond$yield + 0.0001 p1 <- price(bond, y1) p2 <- price(bond, y2) - (p1 - p2) / (y1 - y2) / 100 }
The helper functions below show some of the power of guards. Depending on the value of a field, a different function variant can be called for the coupon calculation. (Note that this is used for illustrative purposes and would break down in the current ZIRP world.)
# When coupon is in percentage terms coupon.pct %when% (bond %isa% Bond && bond$coupon < 1) coupon.pct <- function(bond) bond$par * bond$coupon / bond$freq coupon.dollar %when% (bond %isa% Bond) coupon.dollar <- function(bond) bond$coupon / bond$freq
The code can be run by executing the below snippet.
> b <- create(SemiBond, 100,3.5, 0.035, 10) > dv01(b) [1] 8.376442
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